{"id":1212,"date":"2021-03-08T16:10:26","date_gmt":"2021-03-08T08:10:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/?page_id=1212"},"modified":"2021-03-08T16:12:34","modified_gmt":"2021-03-08T08:12:34","slug":"structure-and-principle-of-ultrasonic-transducer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/piezoelectric-technologies\/structure-and-principle-of-ultrasonic-transducer\/?lang=zh-hant","title":{"rendered":"\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u539f\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668(Ultrasonic transducer)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u6c34\u4e2d\u8072\u7d0d(sonar)\u53ca\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u77ed\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u5075\u6e2c(proximity measurement)\u3002\u85c9\u7531\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u767c\u5c04\u51fa\u4e4b\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u905e\u5230\u7269\u9ad4\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u518d\u63a5\u6536\u81ea\u7269\u9ad4\u8868\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\uff0c\u4e26\u5229\u7528\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u7684\u98db\u884c\u6642\u9593( Time of Flight, ToF) \u9032\u884c\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u77e5\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u8207\u5f85\u5075\u6e2c\u7269\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u65bc\u55ae\u5f35\u8584\u7247\u53ca\u591a\u5f35\u8584\u7247\u7684\u7a7f\u900f\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u96d9\u5f35\u5075\u6e2c\uff0c\u85c9\u4ee5\u5224\u65b7\u662f\u5426\u7522\u751f\u758a\u7247\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u5075\u6e2c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5f85\u5075\u6e2c\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u985e\u578b\u8207\u6027\u8cea\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u5f62\u72c0\u3001\u6750\u8cea\u3001\u984f\u8272\u3001\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3001\u786c\u5ea6\u7b49\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u8ad6\u56fa\u9ad4\u3001\u6db2\u9ad4\u3001\u6216\u7c89\u9ad4\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u5075\u6e2c\u3002\u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u73fe\u4eca\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u5df2\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u8072\u7d0d(sonar)\u3001\u5012\u8eca\u96f7\u9054(parking sensor)\u3001\u4f4d\u9ad8\u5075\u6e2c(level sensor)\u3001\u96d9\u5f35\u8584\u7247\u5075\u6e2c(double feed detection)\u53ca\u6d41\u91cf\u5075\u6e2c(flow meter)\u7b49\u7bc4\u7587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7d50\u69cb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u5716 1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u662f\u7531\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u3001\u8072\u963b\u5339\u914d\u5c64\u53ca\u6e1b\u9707\u5c64\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u3002\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7247(piezoceramics)\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u70ba\u92ef\u9226\u9178\u925b(Lead Zirconate Titanate, PZT)\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u96d9\u9762\u6703\u5857\u4f48\u5c0e\u96fb\u5c64\uff0c\u5728\u904b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5c0d\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7684\u5c0e\u96fb\u5c64\u65bd\u52a0\u9ad8\u983b\u4ea4\u6d41\u96fb\u5373\u53ef\u85c9\u7531\u9006\u58d3\u96fb\u6548\u61c9(\u96fb\u80fd\u8f49\u63db\u6a5f\u68b0\u80fd)\u8b93\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7522\u751f\u9ad8\u983b\u7387\u632f\u52d5\uff0c\u8a72\u9ad8\u983b\u7387\u9707\u52d5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8072\u6ce2\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u8072\u6ce2\u7684\u983b\u7387\u843d\u5728\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u7bc4\u570d(\u226720 kHz)\uff0c\u5373\u70ba\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u632f\u52d5\u3002\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7684\u6b63\u58d3\u96fb\u6548\u61c9(\u6a5f\u68b0\u80fd\u8f49\u63db\u96fb\u80fd)\u5373\u53ef\u63a5\u6536\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u5716 1 \u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7d50\u69cb<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u8a2d\u8a08\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4f9d\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u767c\u5c04\u50b3\u611f\u5668(transmitter)\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u50b3\u611f\u5668(receiver)\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6536\u767c\u4e00\u9ad4\u7684\u50b3\u611f\u5668(transceiver)\uff0c\u5982\u5716 2 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u5c07\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u5171\u632f\u983b\u7387(resonant frequency, fr)\u8a2d\u8a08\u5728\u63a5\u8fd1\u6240\u65bd\u52a0\u96fb\u8a0a\u865f\u7684\u983b\u7387(operating frequency)\uff0c\u4ee540 kHz \u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5982\u5716 3 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u7684\u767c\u5c04\u6548\u7387\u6700\u4f73\u5316\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c07\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u632f\u983b\u7387(anti-resonant frequency, fa)\u8a2d\u8a08\u5728\u63a5\u8fd1\u6240\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u5982\u5716 4 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u6548\u7387\u6700\u4f73\u5316\uff1b\u6536\u767c\u4e00\u9ad4\u7684\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668(transceiver)\u5247\u662f\u5c07\u6240\u65bd\u52a0\u96fb\u8a0a\u865f\u7684\u983b\u7387 (operating frequency)\u8a2d\u8a08\u4ecb\u65bc\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u5171\u632f\u983b\u7387(fr)\u8207\u53cd\u5171\u632f\u983b\u7387(fa)\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u5982\u5716 5 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u983b\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u8d8a\u597d\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684\u9ad8\u983b\u8072\u6ce2\u50b3\u905e\u6642\u7684\u8870\u6e1b\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u611f\u6e2c\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u5716 2 \u50b3\u611f\u5668\u61c9\u7528\u793a\u610f\u5716<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u5716 3 \u767c\u5c04\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u8a2d\u8a08\u793a\u610f\u5716<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u5716 4 \u63a5\u6536\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u8a2d\u8a08\u793a\u610f\u5716<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u5716 5 \u6536\u767c\u4e00\u9ad4\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u8a2d\u8a08\u793a\u610f\u5716<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u80fd\u5f9e\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u50b3\u9001\u5230\u7269\u9ad4\u6216\u662f\u6d41\u9ad4\u4e2d(\u4f8b\u5982: \u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u6216\u662f\u6c34\u4e2d)\uff0c\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7684\u8072\u963b(acoustic impedance)\u5fc5\u9808\u8207\u7269\u9ad4\u6216\u662f\u6d41\u9ad4\u7684\u8072\u963b\u5339\u914d\u624d\u884c\u3002\u5e38\u898b\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u8072\u901f\u53ca\u8072\u963b\u7279\u6027\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7269\u8cea<\/strong><\/td>\u5bc6\u5ea6 <\/strong>(\u03c1)<\/strong> Kg\/M3<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\u8072\u901f <\/strong>(C)<\/strong> m\/sec<\/strong><\/td>\u8072\u963b <\/strong>(Z)<\/strong> 106<\/sup> Kg\/M2<\/sup><\/strong>\u2219<\/strong>sec<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7<\/td>7800<\/td>4500<\/td>35.10<\/td><\/tr>
\u6c34<\/td>1000<\/td>1480<\/td>1.48<\/td><\/tr>
\u7a7a\u6c23<\/td>1.22<\/td>340<\/td>0.000414<\/td><\/tr>
\u73bb\u7483<\/td>2200<\/td>5500<\/td>12.10<\/td><\/tr>
\u74b0\u6c27\u6a39\u8102<\/td>1200<\/td>1600<\/td>3.12<\/td><\/tr>
\u77fd\u81a0<\/td>1250<\/td>1040<\/td>1.30<\/td><\/tr>
\u805a\u6c28\u916f<\/td>130<\/td>2000<\/td>2.60<\/td><\/tr>
\u4e0d\u93fd\u92fc<\/td>7800<\/td>5900<\/td>46.02<\/td><\/tr>
\u92c1<\/td>2730<\/td>6380<\/td>17.41<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u7a7a\u6c23\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u70ba\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u8072\u963b(Z)=\u6750\u6599\u5bc6\u5ea6(\u03c1)*\u8072\u901f(C)\uff0c\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7684\u8072\u963b\u7d04\u70ba 35 MRayl\uff08106<\/sup>\u516c\u65a4\/\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u5c3a\u2219\u79d2\uff09\uff0c\u7a7a\u6c23\u7684\u8072\u963b\u7d04\u70ba 414 Rayl\uff08\u516c\u65a4\/\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u5c3a\u2219\u79d2\uff09\uff0c\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7684\u8072\u963b\u8207\u7a7a\u6c23\u7684\u8072\u963b\uff0c\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u80fd\u91cf\u7121\u6cd5\u50b3\u905e\u5230\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\uff0c\u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u8072\u963b\u5339\u914d\u5c64(acoustic matching layer)\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4e2d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u6703\u8a2d\u7f6e\u5728\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u8207\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5169\u8005\u7684\u8072\u963b\u5f97\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c07\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u905e\u5230\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u3002\u7528\u65bc\u7a7a\u6c23\u50b3\u611f\u5668(ultrasonic air transducer)\u7684\u5339\u914d\u5c64\u7684\u8072\u963b\uff0c\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u503c\u70ba:  Rayl\uff0c\u7d04\u70ba0.122 MRayl\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u5f88\u96e3\u627e\u5230\u8072\u963b\u4f4e\u65bc 1 MRayl\u800c\u4e14\u53c8\u8010\u7528\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4e00\u822c\u696d\u754c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8072\u963b\u5339\u914d\u5c64\u6750\u6599\u70ba\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6a39\u8102\u8207\u7a7a\u5fc3\u7c89\u9ad4\u6df7\u5408\u6210\u7684\u8907\u5408\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4f86\u9054\u5230\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u8072\u963b\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u8f03\u4f73\u7684\u8010\u5019\u6027\u53ca\u53ef\u9760\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4f9d\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u5883\u53ef\u5206\u6210\u767c\u5c04-\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u7d44\u5408 (pitch-catch mode)\u6216\u662f\u55ae\u7368\u4f7f\u7528\u6536\u767c\u4e00\u9ad4\u7684\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668 (pitch-echo mode)\u3002\u9808\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u5177\u6709\u6b98\u97ff(ringing)\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7576\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4f86\u505a\u70ba\u8fd1\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u5075\u6e2c\u6642\uff0c\u6b98\u97ff\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5075\u6e2c\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u6e1b\u9707\u5c64 (backing layer)\u4f86\u8b93\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u5fa9\u5176\u975c\u6b62\u72c0\u614b\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5176\u6b98\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u4f55\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4f86\u5224\u65b7\uff1a\u611f\u5ea6(sensitivity)\u3001\u6307\u5411\u6027(directivity) \u4ee5\u53ca\u76f2\u5340(blind zone)\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u611f\u5ea6 (sensitivity)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u611f\u5ea6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9808\u5148\u4ecb\u7d39\u8072\u58d3\u4f4d\u6e96 (Sound Pressure Level, SPL) \uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SPL\u662f\u6307\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u57fa\u6e96\u503c\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u6578\u5c3a\u8861\u91cf\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8072\u58d3\uff0c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SPL =20*log(P\/Pref)\uff1b\u5ea6\u91cf\u55ae\u4f4d\u70badB<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u4e2d P \u70ba\u8072\u58d3(sound pressure)\uff0cPref \u70ba\u6a19\u6e96\u53c3\u8003\u8072\u58d3\u3002\u4e00\u822cPref \u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba0.0002 ubar (\u7531\u4eba\u985e\u807d\u95be\u800c\u4f86)\u3002\u4f46\u70ba\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8868\u9054\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6703\u7528\u611f\u5ea6\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u63a5\u6536\u5f37\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u611f\u5ea6(sensitivity)\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u9748\u654f\u5ea6\uff0c\u55ae\u4f4d\u901a\u5e38\u70baV\/Pa \u6216\u8005mV\/Pa ( V: \u63a5\u6536\u96fb\u58d3\uff0cPa: Pascal )\u3002\u767c\u5c04\u5f37\u5ea6\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u5728\u8f38\u5165\u7d66\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u983b\u7387\u8a0a\u865f\u53ca\u529f\u7387\u5f8c\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u96e2\u5916\u4e4b\u6a19\u6e96\u9ea5\u514b\u98a8(standard condenser microphone, S.C.M)\u6240\u7372\u5f97\u4e4b\u8072\u58d3\uff0c\u5982\u5716 6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u6536\u611f\u5ea6\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u767c\u5c04\u4e00\u56fa\u5b9a\u8072\u58d3\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u96e2\u5916\u4e4b\u6a19\u6e96\u9ea5\u514b\u98a8\u53ca\u5f85\u6e2c\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u5982\u5716 7\u3002\u800c\u6a19\u6e96\u9ea5\u514b\u98a8\u8207\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u6b64\u8072\u58d3\u5f8c\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u96fb\u58d3\u4e26\u8f38\u51fa\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u4fbf\u80fd\u5f97\u77e5\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4e4b\u611f\u5ea6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u7531\u63a5\u53d7\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\u96fb\u58d3\u5927\u5c0f\u4f86\u5224\u5225\u63a5\u6536\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u611f\u5ea6\u9ad8\u4f4e\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u8f38\u51fa\u96fb\u58d3\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u611f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u5716 6\u767c\u5c04\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u611f\u5ea6\u6e2c\u8a66\u793a\u610f\u5716<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u5716 7\u63a5\u6536\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u611f\u5ea6\u6e2c\u8a66\u793a\u610f\u5716<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u6307\u5411\u6027 (directivity)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u6307\u5411\u6027\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u50b3\u9001\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5411\u65bc\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5f37\u5ea6\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba0 dB\uff0c\u6e2c\u91cf\u5176\u76f8\u5c0d\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u76f8\u5c0d\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u5f37\u5ea6-3 dB\u6216\u662f-6 dB\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u70ba\u6307\u5411\u89d2\uff0c\u5982\u5716 8\u6240\u793a\u3002\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4e4b\u6307\u5411\u89d2\u53d7\u5230\u8072\u6ce2\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u5927\u5c0f\u53ca\u767c\u5c04\u9762\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6240\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u767c\u5c04\u983b\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u6ce2\u9577\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u89d2\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff1b\u767c\u5c04\u9762\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u89d2\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u5716 8 \u6307\u5411\u89d2\u793a\u610f\u5716<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u76f2\u5340 (blind zone)<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76f2\u5340\u610f\u5373\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5075\u6e2c\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u76f2\u5340\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u70ba\u6b98\u97ff\u6642\u9593(ringing)\u3002\u7576\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u983b\u7387\u4e4b\u96fb\u8a0a\u865f\uff0c\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7247\u76f8\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u7522\u751f\u9707\u52d5\u4e26\u767c\u5c04\u51fa\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u9707\u52d5\u4e26\u975e\u5982\u96fb\u8def\u958b\u95dc\u822c\u5373\u6642\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u7d93\u904e\u4e3b\u8981\u9707\u52d5\u5f8c\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6e1b\u9707\u5c64\u7684\u8f14\u52a9\uff0c\u9010\u6f38\u8da8\u65bc\u5e73\u7de9\u5230\u975c\u6b62\uff0c\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u9707\u52d5\u7d50\u675f\u81f3\u975c\u6b62\u7684\u9019\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u5373\u7a31\u70ba\u6b98\u97ff\u6642\u9593\u3002\u70ba\u4f55\u6b98\u97ff\u6642\u9593\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u76f2\u5340\u5927\u5c0f\u5462?\u4ee5\u6536\u767c\u4e00\u9ad4\u4e4b\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u5075\u6e2c\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5229\u7528\u8f38\u5165\u96fb\u6e90\u8a0a\u865f\u8207\u56de\u6ce2\u8a0a\u865f\u9593\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5dee\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u904b\u7b97\uff0c\u7576\u6b98\u97ff\u6642\u9593\u904e\u9577\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u56de\u6ce2\u8a0a\u865f\u8207\u8f38\u5165\u96fb\u6e90\u8a0a\u865f\u91cd\u758a\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8a0a\u865f\u7684\u5224\u8b80\uff0c\u5982\u57169\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u57169\u76f2\u5340\u5927\u5c0f\u5c0d\u8a0a\u865f\u5206\u8fa8\u793a\u610f\u5716<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668(Ultrasonic transducer) \u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u6c34\u4e2d\u8072\u7d0d(sonar)\u53ca\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u77ed\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u5075\u6e2c(proximity measurement)\u3002\u85c9\u7531\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u767c\u5c04\u51fa\u4e4b\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u905e\u5230\u7269\u9ad4\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u518d\u63a5\u6536\u81ea\u7269\u9ad4\u8868\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\uff0c\u4e26\u5229\u7528\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u7684\u98db\u884c\u6642\u9593( Time of Flight, ToF) \u9032\u884c\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u77e5\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u8207\u5f85\u5075\u6e2c\u7269\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u65bc\u55ae\u5f35\u8584\u7247\u53ca\u591a\u5f35\u8584\u7247\u7684\u7a7f\u900f\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u96d9\u5f35\u5075\u6e2c\uff0c\u85c9\u4ee5\u5224\u65b7\u662f\u5426\u7522\u751f\u758a\u7247\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u5075\u6e2c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5f85\u5075\u6e2c\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u985e\u578b\u8207\u6027\u8cea\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u5f62\u72c0\u3001\u6750\u8cea\u3001\u984f\u8272\u3001\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3001\u786c\u5ea6\u7b49\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u8ad6\u56fa\u9ad4\u3001\u6db2\u9ad4\u3001\u6216\u7c89\u9ad4\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u5075\u6e2c\u3002\u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u73fe\u4eca\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u5df2\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u8072\u7d0d(sonar)\u3001\u5012\u8eca\u96f7\u9054(parking sensor)\u3001\u4f4d\u9ad8\u5075\u6e2c(level sensor)\u3001\u96d9\u5f35\u8584\u7247\u5075\u6e2c(double feed detection)\u53ca\u6d41\u91cf\u5075\u6e2c(flow meter)\u7b49\u7bc4\u7587\u3002 \u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7d50\u69cb \u5982\u5716 1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u662f\u7531\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u3001\u8072\u963b\u5339\u914d\u5c64\u53ca\u6e1b\u9707\u5c64\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u3002\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7247(piezoceramics)\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u70ba\u92ef\u9226\u9178\u925b(Lead Zirconate Titanate, PZT)\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u96d9\u9762\u6703\u5857\u4f48\u5c0e\u96fb\u5c64\uff0c\u5728\u904b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5c0d\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7684\u5c0e\u96fb\u5c64\u65bd\u52a0\u9ad8\u983b\u4ea4\u6d41\u96fb\u5373\u53ef\u85c9\u7531\u9006\u58d3\u96fb\u6548\u61c9(\u96fb\u80fd\u8f49\u63db\u6a5f\u68b0\u80fd)\u8b93\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7522\u751f\u9ad8\u983b\u7387\u632f\u52d5\uff0c\u8a72\u9ad8\u983b\u7387\u9707\u52d5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8072\u6ce2\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u8072\u6ce2\u7684\u983b\u7387\u843d\u5728\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u7bc4\u570d(\u226720 kHz)\uff0c\u5373\u70ba\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u632f\u52d5\u3002\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u58d3\u96fb\u9676\u74f7\u7684\u6b63\u58d3\u96fb\u6548\u61c9(\u6a5f\u68b0\u80fd\u8f49\u63db\u96fb\u80fd)\u5373\u53ef\u63a5\u6536\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u3002 \u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u8a2d\u8a08\u539f\u7406 \u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u4f9d\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u767c\u5c04\u50b3\u611f\u5668(transmitter)\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u50b3\u611f\u5668(receiver)\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6536\u767c\u4e00\u9ad4\u7684\u50b3\u611f\u5668(transceiver)\uff0c\u5982\u5716 2 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u5c07\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u50b3\u611f\u5668\u7684\u5171\u632f\u983b\u7387(resonant frequency, fr)\u8a2d\u8a08\u5728\u63a5\u8fd1\u6240\u65bd\u52a0\u96fb\u8a0a\u865f\u7684\u983b\u7387(operating frequency)\uff0c\u4ee540 kHz…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":430,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"spay_email":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1212"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1212"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1212\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1235,"href":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1212\/revisions\/1235"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/430"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unictron.com\/piezoelectric-components\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}